Pristina longiseta reproduction test: chronic exposure to environmental contaminants.

Aquatic worms are considered a suitable group to evaluate the effects of contaminants on the environment, although one of the main challenges is to use the species of local occurrence. Recently, Pristina longiseta was suggested to be used in acute bioassays. In this context, this study aimed to establish a chronic exposure for ecotoxicological bioassays using the cosmopolitan species of occurrence in Brazilian freshwater P. longiseta. Firstly, we tested three exposure times (4, 7, and 10 days) under the presence or absence of aeration for reproduction outputs. After determining the best configuration (7 days without aeration), we assessed the effects of the chronic exposures using the standardized reference substance potassium chloride (KCl), the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX), the flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), and the sugarcane vinasse. Our results showed suitability for applying the chronic exposure using P. longiseta and indicated the sensitivity of the offspring to KCl (EC50-7d = 0.51 g/L). Sulfamethoxazole and TBBPA caused a significant decrease in the offspring of P. longiseta (EC50-7d = 59.9 µg/L and < 62.5 µg/L, respectively). Sugarcane vinasse showed high toxicity for the species, and 4.26% of vinasse was calculated as EC50-7d. Therefore, the described protocol was successfully applied as an ecotoxicological bioassay to evaluate the effects of environmental contaminants on the reproduction rate of the freshwater worm P. longiseta.

Aquatic oligochaetes (Annelida: Clitellata) in reservoirs in São Paulo State: list of occurrence and ecological observations on the species / Oligoquetos aquáticos (Annelida: Clitellata) em reservatórios no Estado de São Paulo: lista de ocorrência e observações ecológicas das espécies

Abstract: This work sought the survey of species and information about the distribution of the Class Oligochaeta in reservoirs sampled in the Sediment Quality Monitoring Network of CETESB (Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo). As such, this study aimed to inventory the limnic oligochaetes fauna to expand knowledge of the ecology and distribution of this group in reservoirs in the state of São Paulo. Ninety replicates were performed in 12 reservoirs in the state of São Paulo between 2014 and 2016, using van Veen or Ponar samplers in the sublittoral region, and Ekman-Birge in the deep region. Twenty-eight taxa were inventoried, belonging to the families Naididae and Opistocystidae. The species Dero righii and Pristina longisoma were recorded for the first time in São Paulo State, Nais magnaseta and Spirosperma velutina were first recorded in Brazil. The results presented here make this inventory extremely important for understanding the distribution of aquatic oligochaetes throughout the Brazilian territory.

Resumo: Este trabalho buscou o levantamento de espécies e informações sobre a distribuição da Classe Oligochaeta em reservatórios amostrados na Rede de Monitoramento da Qualidade de Sedimentos da CETESB (Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo). Sendo assim, este estudo objetivou inventariar a fauna de oligoquetos para expandir o conhecimento de ecologia e distribuição deste grupo em reservatórios no Estado de São Paulo. Foram realizadas 90 réplicas em 12 reservatórios no estado de São Paulo entre os anos de 2014 a 2016, utilizando amostradores van Veen ou Ponar na região sublitoral, e Ekman-Birge na região profunda. Foram inventariados 28 táxons, pertencentes às famílias Naididae e Opistocystidae. As espécies Dero righii e Pristina longisoma, foram registradas pela primeira vez no Estado de São Paulo, Nais magnaseta e Spirosperma velutina foram identificadas pela primeira vez no Brasil. Os resultados apresentados aqui tornam este inventário de suma importância para o conhecimento da distribuição dos oligoquetos aquáticos em todo o território brasileiro.